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Cēsis Castle
Cēsis Castle ((ドイツ語:Wenden)) is a Livonian castle situated in Cēsis, Latvia. Its ruins are some of the most impressive castle ruins in the Baltic states. Once the most important castle of the Livonian Order, it was the official residence for the masters of the order. It was partly destroyed during the Great Northern War.
==History==
German crusaders known as the Livonian Brothers of the Sword began construction of the castle (''Wenden'') near the hill fort in 1209. When the castle was enlarged and fortified, it served as the residence for the Order's Master from 1237 till 1561, with periodic interruptions. In 1577, during the Livonian War, the garrison destroyed the castle to prevent it from falling into the control of Ivan IV of Russia, who was decisively defeated in the Battle of Wenden (1578).
In 1598 it was incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Wenden Voivodship was created here. In 1620 Wenden was conquered by Sweden. It was rebuilt but destroyed again in 1703 during the Great Northern War by the Russian army and left in a ruined state. Already from the end of the 16th century, the premises of the Order's castle were adjusted to the requirements of the Cēsis Castle estate. In 1777 the castle estate was obtained by Count Carl Sievers and he had his new residence house built on the site of the eastern block of the castle, joining its end wall with the fortification tower.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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